Karl Marx and Max Weber Different Views on Capitialism

Introduction of Karl Marx and Max Weber Theories Karl Marx and Max Weber speak about capitalism and social class. They both agree that modern methods of organization have tremendously increased the effectiveness and efficiency of production. However they both have different concept of theories. Karl Marx speaks about Alienation and Critique of Capitalism .Marx argued that this alienation of human work is precisely the defining feature of capitalism. He regards alienation as product of the evolution of division of labor, private property and the state: When these phenomena reach an advanced stage, as in capitalist society the individual experiences the entire objective world as a conglomerate of alien forces standing over and above them.†¦show more content†¦Marx understood this struggle between these two classes, he knew this soon would become unacceptable to workers and they would come to realization of the inequity in their society. Max Weber theory of class is that capitalist and the proletarian meet in a market and come into it in different ways as purchaser of labor power and as seller, as someone able to wait, not compelled to buy or sell merely to survive another day that’s the capitalist and as someone who must sell his services today or starve. Therefore Marx two classes, in Weber view are distinguished essentially by their relation to a market and precisely by their bargaining power. Bargaining power is matter of monopoly or lack of it. Weber then analyses class mainly in terms of â€Å"monopoly†. To Max Weber, writing in the early 1900s, Marx’s view was too simple –he agreed that different classes exist but he thought that â€Å"Status† or â€Å"Social Prestige† was the key factor in deciding which group each one of us belongs to. Where we live, our manner of speech, our schooling, our leisure habits, these and many other factors decide our social class. He thou ght that the way each person thinks about his/her â€Å"Life Chances†- if we feel that we can become a respected and highly valued member of the

The Opening Credits Of Persepolis - 1932 Words

The opening credits of Persepolis (2007) feature a flower moving across the screen, travelling through the different places depicted during the titles. This quite simple feature helps to introduce the audience to the main premise of the film - moving; mobility; change and growth. Marjane Satrapi’s film debut Persepolis (2007), made together with a fellow comic artist Vincent Paronnaud, is an autobiography based on Satrapi’s similarly titled graphic novel. This French-Iranian animated film deals with the subject of change, displacement and mobility. Persepolis documents the growth of Marji, an Iranian girl living amidst war and chaos, in a country battling for its identity – something Marji also has trouble with. Mid-film she moves to Vienna where she has trouble blending in to the culture and she cannot seem to fathom her national identity. The world around her is in constant movement and Marji has trouble trying to keep up. Marji’s transnational identity grants her an air of universal appeal and yet she herself is facing problems while trying to find a sense of belonging. In this essay I will look into the different forms of mobility and change depicted in the film. I will be taking a look at how Marji’s identity is constructed through her physical and metaphorical movement, and how growth and movement backwards and forwards are essential to the film. We are first introduced to the present-day Marjane Satrapi on an airport, where she is waiting around with otherShow MoreRelatedMary and Max9879 Words   |  40 Pageshad belonged to her mother, and, not knowing that she is pregnant, decides to take her own life. Just as Mary is about to kill herself, her neighbor Len knocks on her door, having conquered his agoraphobia to alert her of the package on her porch. Opening it, Mary finds Maxs reconciliation gift, along with an accompanying letter detailing the reasons why he forgives her, how much their friendship means to him, and his hope that one day their lives will intersect and they will meet in person. It is

Hrm Performance Appraisal Free Essays

Performance Appraisal Assignment Enclosure: Excel Sheet for Rough Work (In Mail) Submitted by: Group: 10 Kumar Gauraw (15) Ajay Gupta (37) Rajumoni Saikia(48) Tarakeswar Das(49) Question: How will you use Different methods to assess her performance? Answer: Graphic Rating Scale Graphic rating scales are one of the most common methods of performance appraisal. Graphic rating scales require an evaluator to indicate on a scale the degree to which an employee demonstrates a particular trait, behaviour, or performance result.Rating forms are composed of a number of scales, each relating to a certain job or performance-related dimension, such as job knowledge, responsibility, or quality of work. We will write a custom essay sample on Hrm Performance Appraisal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Graphic rating scales have a number of advantages: 1. Standardization of content permitting comparison of employees. 2. Ease of development use and relatively low development and usage cost. 3. Reasonably high rater and ratee acceptance. Disadvantages 1. They are susceptible to rating errors which result in inaccurate appraisals.Possible rating errors include halo effect, central tendency, severity, and leniency. 2. Restrictions on the range of possible rater responses. 3. Differences in the interpretations of the meanings of scale items and scale ranges by raters. 4. Poorly designed scales that encourage rater errors. CASE SOLUTION Following Graphic Rating Scale can be used to assess the performance of Ms. Prachi Jindal. [pic] [pic] Behaviour rating scale: Behaviourally anchored rating scales (BARS) are rating scales whose scale points are defined by statements of effective and ineffective behaviours.They are said to be behaviourally anchored in that the scales represent a continuum of descriptive statements of behaviours ranging from least to most effective. An evaluator must indicate which behaviour on each scale best describes an employee’s performance. BARS differ from other rating scales in that scale points are specifically defined behaviours. Also, BARS are constructed by the evaluators who will use them. There are four steps in the BARS construction process: 1.Listing of all the important dimensions of performance for a job or jobs   2. Collection of critical incidents of the effective and ineffective behaviour. 3. Classification of effective and ineffective behaviours to appropriate performance dimensions   4. Assignment of numerical values to each behaviour within each dimension (i. e. , scaling of behavioural anchors). †¢ COMMUNICATION [pic] She could be given Score of â€Å"6† because she handled and communicated well, as we don’t have information regarding her consistency so we can’t give score of â€Å"7†. INTERPERSONAL [pic] She could be given Score of â€Å"6† because of her good Interpersonal Skills, as we don’t have information regarding her consistency so we can’t give score of â€Å"7†. †¢ STRESS TOLERENCE [pic] She could be given Score of â€Å"6† because she handled the stressful situation well and in spite of verbal anger shown by the customer she maintained cool and calm and focused on the objective of resolving the issue, as we don’t have information regarding her consistency so we can’t give score of â€Å"7†.CRITICAL INCIDENT METHOD |Continuing Duties |Targets |Critical Incidents | |Attend Calls From Customer |95% of the callers should be satisfied after|She could made the customer happy while receiving | | |putting their problem in front of the |the calls | | |Customer Care Executive. | |Personal Traits while receiving calls |90% of the situations the Customer Care |She could manage to keep herself cool and cal m | | |Executive have to be cool and calm. |while talking to the Customer. | |Product knowledge |The Customer Care Executive should have the |She have shown a good knowledge about the product | | |knowledge of the product. as she was able to detect the problem. | |Identification of problems |95% of the situations the Customer Care |She could identify the problem with in a very | | |Executive should be able to find the |short time. | | |intricacy of the problem. | |Communication with the Manufacturer |95% of the situations the Customer Care |She was able to convey the problem to the | | |Executive should be able to convey the |Manufacturer in a much satisfying manner | | |problem to the Manufacturer. | |Prompt in taking action |90% of the situations the Customer Care |She was prompt in taking action for resolving the | | |Executive should be prompt in taking |issue | | |corrective action. | |Time taken to resolve the issue |95% of the situations the Customer Care |She was able to resolve the problem within 15 | | |Executive should resolve the problem in the |minutes of the call. | | |same day. | | The Critical incident collected could be of great help in performing her Performance Appraisal more accurately†. Question: – What help do you take from this case in making use of HR policy? alignment. Ans: – With the learning’s from this case following HR policies could be thought to for implementation. †¢ Recruitment ; Selection: Care should be taken to evaluate Candidate based on the behavioural ; overall factors before selecting. †¢ Behavioural Training: Behavioural Training must be imparted to all and periodically assessment. †¢ Product Knowledge: Training regarding technical ; overall product should be given from time to time about new ; exhausting product. †¢ Cross Cultural Training: Training to adapt, understand ; perform in multicultural environment should be imparted. [pic][pic][pic] How to cite Hrm Performance Appraisal, Papers

Burden of Overweight and Obesity †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Burden of Overweight and Obesity. Answer: Introduction Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle is a process that reflects the importance of personalization and prioritization of patients needs. This reasoning cycle is used to structure clinical care by healthcare professionals (Herdman, 2011). This clinical reasoning cycle helps to deliver patient-centered nursing care based on the critical thinking, clinical analysis, clinical reasoning and reflective practice performed by professional healthcare nurse (Alfaro-LeFevre, 2012). This essay is one such patient-centered nursing care structure developed by using Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle. The study involves identification of two care priorities and managing care process by a primary health care nurse for the provided case study, which is performed by implementing reasoning cycle steps. In the present case study, patient name Peter Mitchell is a middle aged male (52 Years) admitted to the medical ward as per reference from his General Physician. He was facing symptoms of shakiness, increased hunger, high blood glucose, diaphoresis and breathing difficulties while sleeping. As he is a sufferer of type-2 diabetes and obesity, these symptoms highlight high alert of these two conditions. Peter is already overweight, diabetic suffering depression. Peter is a serious smoker from age of 30years, smoking 20 cigarettes per day. Adding on to this situation, Peter suffers other critical situations as well, that involves hypertension; sleep apnoea and gastro oesophageal reflux. Peter is taking proper medication for his health issues but still, he is facing these critical and life-threatening symptoms due to mismanaged lifestyle habits. Collecting cues and information about the case As per case information Mr. Peter on his previous admission to medical ward dietician recommended him to lose weight. However, Peter had no interest to make any effort related to his weight resulting in present critical condition. Further, he was also commenced with light exercises by the physiotherapist and was advised to continue them at home. But the increased weight and BMI show his carelessness towards his physical condition. He is 145kgs with BMI 50.2m2 (very high) and height 170cms. His last observed blood pressure is 180/92mmHg (high), respiratory rate 23Bpm (high), heart rate 102bpm (little high) and SpO2 (peripheral capillary oxygen saturation) is 95% (normal). Peter is on current medication involving insulin metformin for diabetes, Lisinopril for hypertension, Nexium for reflux, metoprolol for high blood pressure and Pregabalin (Lyrica) for neuropathic pain in diabetes. Further, Peter is unemployed and struggling to get work reason being his weight issues. He is divorced, living alone, socially isolated, living without any family attention and care. Peter also faces difficulty to perform daily living activities. The present admission of Mr. Peter Mitchell to the medical ward was due to poorly controlled diabetes, obesity ventilation syndrome and sleep apnoea. Peter was detected with the symptom of high blood glucose level instead of the fact that his medication involves Insulin (34units mane 28units nocte). Audetat et al. (2013) indicated that if a patient confronts high blood glucose levels despite the fact that insulin is included in medication process indicates mismanagement in medication (insulin) process. According to Selvin et al. (2014) studies improper intake of insulin leading to high blood glucose level also persists symptom of increased hunger. This confirms that high blood glucose level is leading to increased hunger symptom in Peters case and he is mismanaging his medication process. Further, shaking and diaphoresis is due to obesity ventilation syndrome. Cunningham, Kramer Narayan (2014) indicated that obesity ventilation syndrome leads to sleep apnoea identified by difficulty breathing while asleep interrupted sleep and daytime sleepiness. In the present case, Peter is facing cessation of breathing while asleep confirms presence sleep apnoea due to obesity syndrome. In the present case of Mr. Peter Mitchell, three identified critical diseases that are type-2 diabetes, obesity ventilation syndrome and sleep apnoea are either directly or indirectly linked to each other. Olsson et al. (2013) indicated that mismanagement in the lifestyle of diabetic patient leads to deposition of fat in the body that lead to a highly obese body as a major defect. Audetat et al. (2013) studied that if the blood glucose level of diabetic people remains abnormally high this then leads to the stoppage of blood glucose entering body cells. Therefore, the body becomes incapable to convert food to energy leading increased hunger and increase in obesity. Further, American Diabetes Association (2015) paper highlights that high blood sugar leads to deposition in form of fat in the body. Further, Cunningham, Kramer Narayan (2014) studied that deposition of adipose tissue in the state of obesity restrict the normal movement of chest muscles and diaphragm creating difficulty in breathing by respiratory muscles. Hence, obese people find it difficult to breathe creating obesity ventilation syndrome that causes shortness of breathing while asleep which is a major symptom of sleep apnoea. As per present case study data, Mr. Peter Mitchell is a seriously heading towards a critical stage of diabetes and obesity only at middle age period of life. He certainly needs a proper care plan to get a control over this critical health issues basically lifestyle modification because symptoms like shortness of breathe, high BPL level and diaphoresis are really dangerous and abnormal conditions. All the information provided in the case study is relevant and shows some link to understand the critical state of Peters health. However, not much attention is made on the impact of other health issues like hypertension, reflux and depression on the health of Peter considering it as a gap in case information. As per nursing professional knowledge, mental health issue like depression can be considered as a major cause of the lifestyle mismanagement in Mr. Peters life. His careless attitude towards his health (obesity), social isolation, joblessness and unwillingness to improve his health can be considered as outcomes of mental disturbance (depression) (Herdman, 2011). As per the study conducted of case data till now it is clear that nursing care goals should completely be based on managing the lifestyle habits and controlling obesity in case of Peter. This lifestyle management will also involve objective to manage the critical situation of diabetes harnessing his health. The present case of Mr. Peter Mitchell suffering critical obesity and diabetes is a common phenomenon. It is a common disease for which care providers carry a good experience to handle these situations because the control over these issues mainly depends on the lifestyle, eating, activities and mental strength of the patient (Doenges, Moorhouse Murr, 2014). The condition of Mr. Peter Mitchell is really critical as the body weight is 145Kg with BMI above 50. It is tough to manage his obesity issues yet proper goal setting could help to get a control over critical symptoms leading to medical emergencies. Identification problems/issues The two major care priorities in case of Mr. Mitchell are his overweight condition and uncontrolled diabetes type 2. Peter is not even ready to pay any concentration or control his growing complication related to obesity and diabetes (Moorhead et al. 2014). The two care priority issues are obesity and mismanagement of diabetes in Mr. Peters care. The nursing goals are: - Decreasing body weight by 10% within 6months of therapy (1/2 lb/week) Establishing and practising appropriate lifestyle behaviour change for controlling diabetes For the fulfilment of nursing goal regarding weight loss of 10% in 6 months involves certain specific interventions. Yang Zhang (2014) studied some specific nursing actions that provide effective weight loss which is considered best for Peters case as well. Implement rewarding and reinforcing short-term goals for patient followed by negotiations regarding patients aspects of diet that require modifications. Balance the dairy and animal protein intake in the diet as well as provide diet as per measurements. Advise and encourage water intake as well as long-term exercise programs like walking that is best for a diabetic patient (Stellefson, Dipnarine Stopka, 2013). Further, keep a proper monitoring of patient weekly weight changes and modify diet as per requirement. Lastly, educate the patient about healthy eating habits like short meals 5-6times/day, high intake of fibre, regular exercise, relaxation techniques and maximised water intake. As per provider case study data of Peter, the best lifestyle behaviour change in his case involves practices to quit smoking, practising relaxation, social liberation and replacing the unhealthy behaviour with substitutes (Cygan et al. 2014). According to Thom et al. (2013) studies self-rewarding, communication with the patient, motivational counselling and interviewing ate some of the best processes to implement lifestyle changes. Lastly, providing education regarding diabetes and its control can also help Peter to overcome his issues related to depression (Doenges, Moorhouse Murr, 2014). Evaluate Outcomes The evaluation process will involve determining the weight change and achievement of determined weight loss goal by detecting weight after 6 months of therapy. Further, lifestyle behaviour change can be evaluated by determining the control over health issue diabetes and obesity. Lastly, mental status examination (MSE) can be performed to evaluate the mental strength after the nursing process (Kalyani, Corriere Ferrucci, 2014). The clinical reasoning cycle process can be considered as most systematic, manageable and comfortable approach to deal with any clinical scenario in nursing professional practice. As a professional, implementing such process to resolve an issue or case can benefit to gather smart, workable and manageable outcomes. Using clinical reasoning cycle made its easy to deal with this complicated health management case. Conclusion A proper nursing plan to manage the case study patient Mr. Peter Mitchell was developed using clinical reasoning cycle. This involved analysis of patient situation followed by collection and processing information to detect health priority issues. Further, establishing nursing goals and taking actions to achieve these goals handled these health priority issues. Lastly, the process to evaluate care outcomes is also provided in the study to further establish better processes for effective care. References Alfaro-LeFevre, R. (2012).Applying nursing process: the foundation for clinical reasoning. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. American Diabetes Association. (2015). Standards of medical care in diabetes2015 abridged for primary care providers.Clinical diabetes: a publication of the American Diabetes Association,33(2), 97. Audetat, M. C., Laurin, S., Sanche, G., Bque, C., Fon, N. C., Blais, J. G., Charlin, B. (2013). Clinical reasoning difficulties: a taxonomy for clinical teachers.Medical teacher,35(3), e984-e989. Cunningham, S. A., Kramer, M. R., Narayan, K. V. (2014). Incidence of childhood obesity in the United States.New England Journal of Medicine,370(5), 403-411. Cygan, H. R., Baldwin, K., Chehab, L. G., Rodriguez, N. A., Zenk, S. N. (2014). Six to success: improving primary care management of pediatric overweight and obesity.Journal of Pediatric Health Care,28(5), 429-437. Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., Murr, A. C. (2014).Nursing care plans: guidelines for individualizing client care across the life span. FA Davis. Herdman, T. H. (Ed.). (2011).Nursing diagnoses 2012-14: definitions and classification. John Wiley Sons. Kalyani, R. R., Corriere, M., Ferrucci, L. (2014). Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: the effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases.The lancet Diabetes endocrinology,2(10), 819-829. Moorhead, S., Johnson, M., Maas, M. L., Swanson, E. (2014).Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)-E-Book: Measurement of Health Outcomes. Elsevier Health Sciences. Olsson, L. E., Jakobsson Ung, E., Swedberg, K., Ekman, I. (2013). Efficacy of person?centred care as an intervention in controlled trialsa systematic review.Journal of clinical nursing,22(3-4), 456-465. Selvin, E., Parrinello, C. M., Sacks, D. B., Coresh, J. (2014). Trends in prevalence and control of diabetes in the United States, 19881994 and 19992010.Annals of internal medicine,160(8), 517-525. Stellefson, M., Dipnarine, K., Stopka, C. (2013). Peer reviewed: The chronic care model and diabetes management in US primary care settings: A systematic review.Preventing chronic disease,10. Thom, D. H., Ghorob, A., Hessler, D., De Vore, D., Chen, E., Bodenheimer, T. A. (2013). Impact of peer health coaching on glycemic control in low-income patients with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.The Annals of Family Medicine,11(2), 137-144. Yang, Z., Zhang, N. (2014). The burden of overweight and obesity on long-term care and Medicaid financing.Medical care,52(7), 658-663.

Problems with Learning English in My Country free essay sample

Problems with learning English in my Country Nowadays, English is our international language, the importance of English cannot be denied. With the help of developing technology , English has been playing major role in many aspects, such as, economy, technology, politics, and education. English is also used in many international events, such as seminar, public discussion. Although English is commonly used in the world, in Indonesia especially, English is rarely used in the society. For example, students only used English in school while the English subject is being learned, they never used it in their family or their society. That is one of the problems learning English in my country, Indonesia. And I think the other problems are the less interest and the lack confidence to learn English. Firstly, the less interest in learning English. People just haven’t realize that English is important things that must be mastered in the modern world, we can’t deny that. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems with Learning English in My Country or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Maybe most of the people just think that English is just complement thing and we don’t need to master that. But from what I believe, English can take us anywhere, just like my English lecturer said. I think, what every school must do is encourage their student to learn English seriously, as serious as they learn math, science and many other subject that interest the student. But the problem is that in Indonesia, we can’t just pick our favorite subjects, we are all forced to learn every subjects in school. And the students can’t focus and improvising their talent and interest to their favorite subjects (Sorry a bit out of topic). But let’s back to the topic, so the importance of English should be introduced to everyone, and the interest itself will come from people who understand that. Secondly, since we know the importance of English, we still face a problem, it is the lack of confidence in learning English. Some people have no confidence to speak and write in English, even that they are interested in English. They afraid they will have a bad pronunciation when speaking, and a wrong grammar in writing, and if everyone realize his/her mistake they will get laughed from everyone in class, that’s one of Indonesian bad culture. Obviously, the confidence of people who get laughed at will reduced. We should stop that bad culture, the wrong one should be corrected and encouraged. And I guarantee he/she will enjoy learning English because of that.

Managing Change in Organization The Nestle Case Study

Managing Change in Organization The Nestle Case Study Executive summary Nestle is a multinational company that is involved in manufacturing products, in the nutrition, health and wellness industry. Since its establishment in 1886, it has undergone through several changes which its CEO, Brabeck-Letmathe, says are steady and well calculated. A recent change is use of GLOBE, system Codification-Based Strategy, in information use and sharing.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing Change in Organization: The Nestle Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It was meant to improve productivity, efficiency and increase the quality of customer care services. This system changed the way information is accessed, used and shared among employees in various departments all over the world. This system called for a change in the way employees related with management and vice versa which necessitated a change in the organizational structure of the company. In this report I take a brief look at some of the changes that have occurred at Nestle over the years and the current change due to GLOBE system and the need for it. The structures of the organizational changes that occur at Nestle are discussed in detail. This process presented challenges for the implementers and Nestle in general since it was met with resistance and delay. This was countered with intensified campaigns to create awareness and lobby for the changes. Finally, an action plan of the change management activities in Nestle is outlined detailed what will be done in each program, who will do it, for how long and the cost to the company. The changing Nestle Nestle is a multinational company that is involved in manufacturing products, in the nutrition, health and wellness sector. The buzzword in nestle is ‘good food, good life’ which summarizes its mission of providing their consumers with a broad range of food and beverage products for all events that are the best tasting and most nu tritious. Another buzz word for Nestle is ‘creating a shared value’ which Broeckx, (2007) explains means that the corporation creates and pursues long term sustainable value in actions, strategies and processes to all stakeholders be it consumers, communities, shareholders, employees and business partners. Beside these, are the corporate, business principles where the company outlines its culture, which has been in use for more than 140 years, and are a manifestation of Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s thoughts on fairness, honesty and long-term thinking (Nestle, 2011).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company was founded in 1866 by a Swiss national, Henry Nestle in Vevey, in Switzerland. During this time, marketing of products outside the country was through sales agents. This, however, changed in 1900s when the company started buying subsidiaries in foreign co untries. In America, the company launched its products after the First World War in response to increased demand for dairy products. This was done through acquisition of existing factories, and soon after the Second World War, many executives in the Vevey headquarters were transferred to the country. These moves were part of the changing strategies to increase efficiency and productivity for the company (Douglas Craig, 2009). The first major change came in 1974 when the company bought majority shares in the cosmetic giant L’Oreal. This was a well calculated move to increase the company’s growth and diversification. The company was criticized for investing in a company that was debt ridden, but soldiered ahead. The second major change was in diversifying to the pharmaceutical industry by buying a U. S company, Alcon Laboratories, who were makers of pharmaceutical and ophthalmic products. Many other changes came in the 1980s and 1990s when financial improvement through strategic acquisitions and diversifications. This necessitated the sale of non-strategic and nonperforming businesses while acquiring others such as the 1984 acquisition of Carnation (Nestle, 2011). Today the company is continually restructuring its business with an annual budget of $3000 million set aside for this. Nestle CEO, Brabeck-Letmathe says that steady and well calculated change is what Nestle implements and does not do this as a fashion thing but as a well thought long term strategy. He implemented a complete overhaul of the executive board and replaced them with 10 new executives so as to build on the company’s strength something that has guides the company’s organizational changes. Nestle managers’ commitment is what keeps the company steady with their â€Å"steeped in Nestle corporate culture† which orients them to focus on the long term goals of the company rather than short term profits.Advertising We will write a custom report samp le on Managing Change in Organization: The Nestle Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This corporate culture also established the company’s major strengths such management of corporate growth and its relation to technology. The executive focuses on strengthening and upholding the company’s strength, as opposed to their completed overhaul (Broeckx, 2007). The most recent change has been on using and sharing information which gave birth to the Codification-Based Strategy of which nestle chose GLOBE. This connects all Nestle departments around the world, and makes company information accessible to all its employees. This makes information available to all employees and, therefore, no one is more important than the other due to the information he has that others do not have. Information is power, as it allows communication flow between people in the company. However, in order to access specific information or data, one fill s request form. This means employees should be taught how to access and use this information. This also requires a change in the way communication is carried out in the company since the current model could not support the change in information sharing (Nestle, 2010). The nature of change As we have seen above, in order for an employee to access specific information or data, one fills request form. This means employees need to be trained on how to access and use this information. Further, the old organizational structure has to go, which in this case was the top-down approach. Top-down organizational structure used in Nestle had several limitations; professional development followed a vertical manner within a function which does not encourage networking, communication is done through the ranks which do not encourage contribution from employees, cooperation was shadowed by competition and the obedience orientation which discourages initiative (Broeckx, 2007). This change in the organ izational structure will need management strategies to allow employees to cope with change and contribute to the organization’s goals as they are now empowered.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The organizational structure changes that were implemented in Nestles the structurally changing processes approach that involved making substantial changes to the existing organizational structure. This meant that every employee will be oriented to focus on the changes introduced by GLOBE. This is in line with the corporate ‘Untouchables’ or strong points of the company that focuses on strengthening its strengths and the role of technology in the company. The GLOBE system was meant to improve productivity, efficiency and increase the quality of customer care services, therefore, need to position the organizational structure to meet these needs (Chaudron, 2006). The structural approach to managing change was implemented by forming steering committees of senior managers to appoint a multidisciplinary team that will design which actions to be taken in order to realize the goal of the company using this new change in information access. The team assessed the culture of the company, the system used, and the conditions prevailing in the company and came up with recommendations for action which were reported to the committee of senior managers. The recommendations focused on things such as self-directed work teams, pay for information and restructuring the company away from traditional roles to focus more on the products, customers and geographical point of reference (Management Decisions and Research Center, 2000). The advantages with this structure as explained by Chaudron, (2006) are that major issues arising in the company are dealt with upfront as opposed to being postponed to the next meeting or such, some aspects of the company such as direct communication flow from marketers to production and finance department improved the productivity of the company and showing the employees that the company really wanted to change the way the company is run. The disadvantage is that too much information was being revealed to employees and managers felt as if t hey were losing their bearing or that their power was being taken away from them (Durant, 2008). Change structures A traditional hierarchical, pyramidal organizational structure is what existed in Nestle before the GLOBE system was introduced. This system cannot function effectively and efficiently in such a structure. In order for nestle employees to match their goals with that of the company, share ideas with the management, act proactively and collaborate in making the goals of the company realistic, this structure had to change. Furthermore, the new system of sharing information required highly skilled and informed employees who will no longer need to be supervised. An organizational structure named ‘Nestle for the future’ was implemented (Chaudron, 2010). This structure focused on addressing four things that were identified as an impediment to organizational management; align employees’ goals with those of the company, utilizing employees’ insight and action, enhancing cooperation and encouraging employees to be proactive. To divert the employees towards a performance way of life, a program with five parts was then formulated. These programs were implemented simultaneously (Cummings Worley, 2008). The flat and flexible structures This involved dismantling the pyramidal structure and replacing it with a non-pyramidal structure that focused on networking between management and employees. This reviewed structures and retained fewer hierarchical levels worldwide that allowed flexibility and quickness in responding to issues while still sustaining its growth (Cummings Worley, 2008). Inspiring management A review of how management related with its staff showed that action was needed to encourage contributions and cooperation from the staff. This had to start from the way management saw the staff and in regard to this two programs were developed; Nestle leadership program and the grow people program. Nestle leadership program The lea dership program was done on four bases. These include change had to start with leadership at the top level managers needed to accept they can improve, outsourcing for the program providers and program to be based on feedback from those working close to the managers, colleagues, superiors and subordinates (Carley Hill, 2009). Grow people initiative This involved changing how people were assessed. These new developments were on the basis of cooperation, promotion of personal development and sharing of the information. This changed the way managers assessed by people by just ‘judging’ them as if they are not involved themselves to making them committed developers of people. A progress and development was introduced for this purpose. The traditional rating model, which focuses on the past rather than the future, was abandoned (Pries-Heje, 2005). Long-term development This was aimed at developing long-term careers not in the previous silo thinking model but in developing ta lents, and skill in a structure which is flexible and responsive to specific talents of skills. Previously careers moved in a vertical manner within one function which was not sensitive to talents and geographical integration. This was made possible by the network structure, and a talent pool was established which has more than 2000 names from across the globe (Broeckx, 2007). Dynamic compensation The new career paths were important, to achieve this, the flattened organization was structured through creation of a new remuneration model. This model allows staff to raise their salaries without the need for promotion. This involved laying down concrete measures for measuring pays and compensations which encompass not only past achievements but also long term incentives. In addition to this, a long-term incentive plan was introduced (Broeckx, 2007). Lifelong learning program This program involved ensuring continuous education and learning experiences for employees which is very importan t in the ‘Nestle for the future’ strategy. This is in line with nestles philosophy of continuous learning (Cummings Worley, 2008). Challenges in initiating changes and how they were managed Resistance to change by some managers was a major challenge the ‘nestle for the future encountered where some managers had problems with various aspects of the program. The elimination of the rating system for staff to be replaced by the progress and development guide was too much for them. They argued that, rating employees drive performance, but Nestle is for long term growth not short tern profits. Those that were unable to cope with this quit, while others were given early retirement. It, however, slowed down implementation of the program in some regions. The program was eventually embraced wholly when it benefits were understood and working become more exciting (Broeckx, 2007). Delay in program implementation was experienced. This was caused by the managers resisting the changes that were introduced. Though various aspects of this program were meant to run simultaneously, this was delayed for close to two years as the program was viewed with a lot of skepticism and others felt threatened by the changes. The steering committee composed of the senior managers and the team of employees carried out a vast campaign which included visiting different regions and affiliates and giving presentations on the changes and the benefits to be accrued besides other forms of communication. The Progress and Development Guide, which had brought a lot of issues was put on the website and operated there so as to aid its implementation (Cummings Worley, 2008). The unwillingness of the management to share their skills and gifts with other regions, functions and businesses was an impediment that was encountered in the process of implementing the process. In the flat and more flexible model, networking is the core word which means increased communication and sharing of inf ormation between the above. This took three years to see anything substantial which delayed the long-term learning aspect of the program. Communication was intensified through various channels until people were comfortable with the program (Carley Hill, 2009). Action Plan Program aspect Activities Actors Timeframe Cost in US dollars Designing and implementing flat and flexible structures Design fewer management level Seeking contributions from various actors Senior steering committee Multidisciplinary team Employees and managers 1 year $10 million Inspiring management Nestle Leadership programNestle grows people initiatives Carrying out self assessment program for managers Interviewing a section of subordinates, colleagues and superiors of managers in the self assessment programDeveloping Progress and Development guide activities for employees Organizing seminars, workshops for employees Managers A training and development company Steering committee Multidisciplinary team Ma nagers Employees Training and development consultant Long-term (5 years) Long-term (5 years) $125 million $250 million Longlife development Establishing horizontal career paths Establishing levels of networking Mentoring programs Identifying talent and developing it Training and development consultant Human resources department Steering committee Multidisciplinary team Employees managers Long-term $100 million per year Dynamic compensation Developing a new remuneration model Carrying out various communication activities Human resources department Steering committee Multidisciplinary team Finance department Nestle Workers union Short term (1 year) $50 million Lifelong learning Establishing the learning and education needs for the company Compiling and maintaining a database for Nestle talent pool Mentoring program for young talent to be included in the talent pool Identifying talents need for Nestle Identifying and establishing horizontal career paths Establishing review criter ia for talent pool and succession plans Training and development consultant Human resources department Steering committee Multidisciplinary team Employees managers Long term $70 million per year Reference List Broeckx, P., 2007. Perspectives for Managers. In R. Hooijberg, J. Hunt, J. Antonakis, K. Boal, Being There Even When You Are Not:Leading Through Strategy, Strctures and Systems (pp. 96-106). United States of America: IMD International. Carley, K., Hill, V., 2009. Structural Change and Learning Within Organisations.  United States of America: Carnegie Mellon University. Chaudron, D., 2010. Begin at the beginning in organizational change. Organized Change Consultancy. Web. Chaudron, D., 2006. Organized Change: A Tale of Three Vilages: Approoaches to Implementing Organisational Change. The Business Forum, 43-48. Cummings, T., Worley, C., 2008. Institutionalizing Structural Change at Hewlett Packard. In T. Cummings, C. Worley, Organisational Development and Change (pp. 20 8-216). United States of America: Cengage Learning. Douglas, S., Craig, S., 2009. International Brand Architecture: Development, Driver  and Design. New York: New York University. Durant, M., 2008. Managing Organisational Change. United States of America: CCE, CPA. Kezar, A., 2001. Understanding and Facilitating Organizational Change in the 21st  Centuary: Recent Research and Conceptualizations. United States of America: john Wiley Sons. Management Decisions and Research Center., 2000. Organisational Change.  Washington, DC: Department of Veteran Affairs. Nestle., 2010. Current Situation. Web. Nestle., 2011. History. Web. Pries-Heje, J., 2005. eGovernment and Structural Reform on Bornholm: A Case Study.  Electronic Government: 4th International Conference (pp. 124-145). Coppenhagen: university of Coppenhagen.

Nursing Situation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Hedge funds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hedge funds - Essay Example The term "hedge fund" involves any pooled investment medium that is (1) organized in private, (2) directed by experienced and professional investment managers, and (3) not accessible to the public. Hedge funds are supported by rich personalities and institutional investors who are regarded as primary investors. Other investors include (1) endowment funds, (2) pension plans, (3) funds of funds, and (4) retail investors. (Boyle, 2007) Other bodies characterized as hedge funds are systematic and limited partnerships and liability companies or most commonly reside outside the United States. (President's on Working Group on Financial Markets, 1999) Hedge fund originated in 1949. By 1968, 140 hedge funds were operating as reported by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Within the last 20 years, hedge fund industry bloomed and become common in the U.S. market. According to Phelim Boyle (2007), in the year 1990, a total number of 610 funds are controlling $39 billion worth of assets. By 2000, there were 3,873 funds directing $490 billion assets. The estimated size of the hedge fund industry in mid-1998 was in the range of 2,500 and 3,500 hedge funds controlling between $200 and $300 billion worth of capital, totaling more or less $800 up to $1 trillion in total assets. As compared with other U.S. financial market sectors, hedge funds are relatively small. ... (President's on Working Group on Financial Markets, 1999) The Marko Maslakovic (2008) reports that despite the existence of market destabilizations, the hedge fund industry continued to grow in management assets and the number and type of institutions investing in hedge funds. For the assets under management, the hedge fund for this category amounted to over $2,250 billion in the end of 2007. Figure 1 shows the trend of global hedge funds in relation to their assets under management. The number of hedge funds reached over 11,000 in 2007 or 12 percent increase from the previous year (2006). The presence of the increasing credit crisis and increased market volatility did not hinder hedge funds assets from growing by 30 percent in 2007. Hedge funds did not incur any significant influence on the credit crisis because only 5 percent of their assets were examined in mortgage-backed securities in September 2007. Boyle (2007) mentions six (6) reasons for the hedge funds growth: (1) technological innovations, (2) derivatives revolution, (3) special ization, (4) increase of market complexities such as catastrophe bonds and structured products, (5) recent poor market equity performance, and (6) low interest rates. Figure 1 For the distribution of hedge funds in the world, reports of Maslakovic (2008) show that the United States is the major source of hedge fund investments with 67 percent of the total hedge funds assets in 2007. Europe and Asia are the next large sources with 22 percent and 7 percent shares respectively. New York City is the world's leading city for hedge managers and it is followed by London. In New York, around 60 percent of hedge fund managers are stationed in this city.

International Intercultural Management Assignment - 1

International Intercultural Management - Assignment Example English is considered as business language and is also widely spoken and taught in schools. The country is known for its diverse and rich cultural heritage. Its culture is reflected in Saudi clothes, cuisines, poetry and particularly grand architecture. The beautifully constructed mosques and local attractions exhibit the vibrant culture of Saudi Arabia. The dress code for women is strictly enforced by law. They are required to wear traditional abayas decorated with motifs, sequins and different designs, which cover their head and bodies completely. The loose and flowing clothes are also suited for hot and harsh Saudi climate. Traditionally, men often wear a thawb, a long shirt woven from wool or cotton, with a turban-like keffiyeh or a ghutra worn on the head. During winters, Saudi men wear a camel-hair cloak (bisht) over the traditional thawb. As per Islam, pork meat and alcohol is strictly forbidden in Saudi Arabia. One of the most favorite food is kabsa, which is rice and meat. Other common cuisines include falafel, shawarma, ful medames, and grilled chicken served with Arabic bread called khubz. Drinking tea is a habit among Saudis and is preferred in all gatherings. It is served without milk with different herbal flavors. Zam Zam Water is miraculously generated well in Mecca which has been quenching the thirst of millions of Muslims over centuries. It is of special significance to Muslims because, according to Islamic belief, this well gushed out when Hazrat Ibrahim’s infant son scrapped his feet against the ground while crying for water. According to scientific research, Zam Zam water has an ability to satisfy both thirst and hunger because it has higher quantity of calcium, fluoride and magnesium. Music and theatre has been forbidden for three decades in Saudi Arabia. In recent years, it is becoming more available to

Evaluating The Sustainability Business Of Hotels In Azerbaijan Tourism Essay

Evaluating The Sustainability Business Of Hotels In Azerbaijan Tourism Essay Azerbaijan, as a country situated in the Caucasus has a very advantageous location for tourism, but tourism is not a leading sector in Azerbaijan. The most important industry here is oil sector as Azerbaijan has very rich oil reserves and economy depends and develops on the oil industry. Over 90% of annual income comes from our oil industry and the difference between oil industry and the others is huge. So thats why Azerbaijani government wants to cover this difference and the best way is to improve tourism sector because we have the potential. Even in the world tourism is the second biggest industry after the oil sector. Most of the tourists coming to Azerbaijan are business travellers and the reason is oil industry again. That is why the hotels are mostly specialized in business tourism. There are some hotels that I would like to mention: The Landmark Hotel, Hyatt, Ramada Baku, Radisson SAS and Park Inn. As a best practice in sustainable hospitality experience I would like talk about Hyatt. In comparison with above mentioned hotels, Hyatt Hotels Baku has a real professional background and prosperous experience in hospitality industry. Contribution to the Body of Knowledge Actually there have been done no studies and researches on sustainability of the hotels in the market in Azerbaijan that made it a challenge to discuss the topic with extremely lack of information given. Therefore, this thesis can be accepted as one of the first researches on the sustainability of the hotels in the market, but not in respect to the environment and nature. Research Questions While working on this topic I am going to find answers to the following questions: What is the current situation in hospitality industry? What are the barriers for sustainability of hotels? Which are the ways of breaking the barriers of hotels sustainability? SWOT analyze What are the recommendations and suggestions for sustainability? Methodology This thesis will be done by hermeneutical kind of research as I am going to search existing literature, statistical reports, articles, etc. While reviewing these materials I will analyze and gather all necessary information and give a final report on sustainability of hotels. In order to get intended information about the hotel I have contacted the sales marketing manager of Hyatt Baku Mrs. Bahar Dadashova. So far we had only one conference call to inform her about my intention, however in the run of the thesis we will keep in touch. Definitions This chapter gives an overview of the different definitions of sustainable tourism. On the other hand, some studies done concerning kinds of sustainable tourism itself. So far, these definitions give an idea about sustainable tourism and its main factors. Sustainable Tourism Sustainable tourism development is defined by the Word Tourism Organisation (WTO), as a development that meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future. It is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social, and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, and biological diversity, and life support systems (World Tourism Organisation (WTO), 2003). Based on the Rio de Janeiro Declaration on Environment and Development, 12 guiding principles of sustainable tourism are set in the Agenda 21 for the travel and tourism industry (United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), 2002). In the tourism context, sustainable tourism is often associated with nature orientated tourism or eco-tourism (Eagles et al., 2002) and has become central in the debate on environmentally integrated tourism development (Gà ¶ssling et al., 2002). Tourism in Azerbaijan Sustainability of the hotels in Azerbaijan is very young as the tourism industry itself. The Republic of Azerbaijan was established in the early 1990s. Since the establishment economy of the country was depending on oil industry. 95% of the budget was contributed by the countrys oil industry. The best alternative to cut down this dependency on oil in the budget is to develop tourism industry. Azerbaijan has very good potential for tourism; high mountains, beautiful forests, ancient history, different historical sites and monuments, lots of artists, poets etc. The Ministry of Tourism and Culture of the Republic of Azerbaijan was established in 2005. One year later Azerbaijan Tourism Institute (ATI) under the Ministry of Tourism and Culture of Azerbaijan was opened. ATI is established in order to cover the lack of qualified staff in tourism sector which is a global issue in world tourism industry as well. Sustainable Tourism in Azerbaijan As it was mentioned above tourism sector in Azerbaijan is young compared to the other industries. Talking about sustainability of the hotels in Azerbaijan we can only mention very few hotels e.g., Hyatt Hotels Baku, Radisson SAS Baku. The names mentioned above are one of the first hotels in Azerbaijan. They are still operating successfully and still very strong in the market. To go back to the Soviet Union period then we can talk about the Hotel Azerbaijan and Absheron Hotel. Those hotels had a big market share as well and were very popular at that time. They had been operating for a long time. The sustainability factors were; Good location Contribution by the government Best service for that time Best staff Since 2005 these both of the hotels were destroyed one after another and now there are 2 big constructions going on; Hilton and JW Marriott. The JW Marriott is replacing Bakus famous Absheron Hotel, which has been demolished, and will be part of a mixed use development designed by ReardonSmith to include 16 floors of private residences, serviced apartments, retail and offices as well as the 20-storey hotel. The architects had a number of key considerations to balance in their concept: location, the high water table, local conventions and successful hotel operations and of course, the clients aspirations for this important building. The result is a unique design that makes a virtue out of addressing these potentially competing dictums. The Hotel Hilton Baku, which is being built in Baku on Azadlig Avenue (instead the hotel Azerbaijan), will be commissioned in August 2011. The total area of five-star hotel Hilton Baku is 42,160 square meters. The hotel will consist of 25 floors and 308 rooms. There will be elevators with panoramic views, different restaurants, concert and exhibition halls, recreation centre at the 670 square meters, sports and fitness centres and swimming pools in the hotel. A bar, which rotates 360 degrees and covers the entire panorama of Baku, will be located on the top floor of the hotel. Hyatt Hotels Global Hyatt I guess this is the only hotel that actually stopped growth of the company related to its policy: Global Hyatt has concentrated on high-end segment, but nevertheless it is among the ten largest. In 2007, the chain launched an innovative hotel brand Hyatt Place, where everything is created based on the results of surveys carried out among the discerning tourists. The hotel is not only providing exclusive services but also tries to make emphasize on its buildings and design. History Hyatt Hotels Corporations well-established reputation as an industry innovator provides a wealth of inspiration as the company looks forward to its next era of creative hospitality. Known around the world for its brands Hyatt Regency , Grand Hyatt , Park Hyatt , Hyatt Place , Hyatt Summerfield Suites and Andaz the entire collection of Hyatt hotels and resorts weaves together authentic service with leading technology to offer its guests unique restaurants, luxury accommodations and distinctive spas. With its new initiatives and design elements continuing to evolve, the next half-century of Hyatt innovation will continue to provide its guests a world of uncommon travel experiences. Hyatt Hotels Resorts opened its first property, a small motor hotel at the Los Angeles International Airport, in 1957 and its portfolio quickly grew to include several other modest hotels along the West Coast and in Chicago over the next ten years. In 1967, Hyatt opened its first major John Portman design ed hotel, Hyatt Regency Atlanta, in Georgia, which featured a space-age design with a dramatic, 21-story atrium lobby. The revolutionary architecture spawned scores of atrium lobbies around the world, effectively changing the course of the lodging industry and reshaping the Hyatt brand as an innovative and significant global hospitality leader. Hyatt successfully distinguishes itself within the competitive hospitality marketplace with six different brands, each designed to deliver experiences attuned to the lifestyles, attitudes, values, and aspirations of the guests for whom it is designed. The 2007-launched Andaz brand is sophistication made simple delivered with a genuine warmth; Hyatt Regency enables productivity and revitalization within a responsive, convenient and contemporary environment; Park Hyatt , a discreet and refined collection located in fashionable cities around the world, epitomizes modern luxury; Grand Hyatt properties are some of the most architecturally dramatic hotels in the world, offering stunning design and a myriad of innovative food and beverage concepts; Hyatt Place is designed for the 24/7 lifestyle of todays multi-tasking business traveller, and Hyatt Summerfield Suites , a reinvention of the all-suites, extended-stay hotel, features timely amenities and inviting, residential design. As a unified portfolio, Hyatts properties share core values across the Hyatt brand: exceptional guest service, upscale amenities, popular food and beverage programs, and innovative interior designs that incorporate local art and style. Currently offering travellers a choice of more than 365 hotels and resorts in over 45 countries, Hyatt Hotels Corporation continues to build on its commitment to clients, staff, partners and the environment as it grows its dynamic vision for the future of hospitality. International chain Hyatt Corporation is one of the leading hotel companies in North America. Owned by the Pritzker family of Chicago, Hyatt manages or licenses the management of 87 hotels and 16 resorts (with a total of 55,000 rooms) in 83 cities in the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean. In addition to its resorts, Hyatt has also developed other special hotel conceptsthe Grand Hyatt, the Park Hyatt, and Classic Residence by Hyatt. Grand Hyatts are large-scale, higher priced hotels located in culturally rich cities, with three in the United States (New York, San Francisco, and Washington, D.C.). Park Hyatts are modelled after small European hotels and are located in Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Washington, D.C. The Classic Residence by Hyatt properties offers luxury retirement apartments for rental. Starting in the mid-1990s, the company has also sought growth opportunities in franchising, time-share properties, free-standing golf courses, and casinos. Hyatt Hotels Baku Hyatt Hotels Baku consists of 2 hotels -Hyatt Regency Baku and Park Hyatt Baku Hyatt Regency Baku was reconstructed and opened in 1995; second renovation was implemented in 2005; Park Hyatt Baku was open in 1999 and most of the rooms were refurbished with new facilities in 2008 Best Sustainable Hotel Chains InterContinental Hotel Group Since 2004, this hotels chain became the largest in the world. To date, it owns more than 600 thousand hotel rooms, scattered across the globe. Each year their number is being increased by 5,9%, mainly due to the expansion of Holiday Inn Express, but also because of the increasing number of hotels Crowne Plaza and the emergence in Europe, Staybridge Suites and Indigo boutique hotel. Marriott International The company claims that every year, growing by 4,7% and in the near future has plans to build 800 hotel and add to the existing 500 thousand rooms 125 thousand more. The Group also promises to invest a lot in pre-existing ones, including the Marriott floor, numerous brands, covering all niches of the hotel business from budget options for poor tourists to luxury hotels for the discerning VIP-persons. Hilton Hotels Ranking as the fourth largest chain, this brand is popular not only with luxury hotels, but also because of the scandalous Paris Hiltons escapades, the former heir to the empire hotel room. The company is known propensity for innovations: the first one of its owners have introduced a system of star ratings, equipped hotel with Wi-Fi. However, the chain began to suffer losses, and in 2007 the former owners were forced to sell the hotel business group Blackstone. In 2008 net increased with 300 new sites, and the growth of the company was mainly due to expanses of the United States. But the emergence of the companys portfolio of brands Doubletree, Homewood Suites, and especially the Hilton Garden Inn and Hampton Inn, as well as the construction of Hilton Hotel in provincial Russia say the desire to start taking over the world. ANALYZING THE general statement Hyatt Hotels in Azerbaijan Hyatt Hotels Group is focused on enhancing the brand preference by continuously improving the performance of their existing hotels and successfully expanding the presence of their brands in select markets worldwide. Smart growth and development is fundamental to achieving these aims. As a company, they add hotels in locations throughout the world where their loyal guests and customers want them to be. Hyatt team works closely with the development partners to ensure their success through innovative and efficient design, operational excellence and effective sales and marketing strategies. Hyatt Hotels are focused on the role of development within the organization and have formed a dedicated and experienced global development team. Hyatt Hotels Baku is committed to establishing a reputation as the leading hotel complex in Azerbaijan and the Caucasus region. Their service is known to anticipate, meet and exceed the guest expectations. In order to retain the established position as the market leader in Baku, they focus on the quality of the operation, the physical aspects of both of the hotels, safety and security as well as creating exciting, innovative and trend setting products throughout. Management Widely recognized and industry leading brands of Hyatt Hotels have consistently received top rankings, awards and accolades for service and guest experience from independent publications and surveys, including Travel and Leisure, Mobil and AAA. The mission of Hyatt is to provide authentic hospitality by making a difference in the lives of the people. They focus on this mission in pursuit of the goal of becoming the most preferred brand in each segment that they serve for the associates, guests, and owners. Hyatt Hotels support their mission and goal by adhering to a set of core values that characterizes their culture. Globally, they manage, franchise, own and develop Hyatt branded hotels, resorts and residential and vacation ownership properties around the world. As of March 31, 2010, the companys worldwide portfolio consisted of 434 properties. Sales marketing department of Hyatt Hotels Baku Sales and Marketing department in Hyatt Hotels Baku consists of 8 employees which are-Director of Sales, Catering Manager, 2 Banquet Sales Managers, 2 Rooms Sales Managers, Sales Executive and Revenue Analyst. Besides, there can be Sales Admin Assistant, Sales Coordinator, Regional Director of Marketing, Marketing Communications Manager. Hyatts worldwide Sales and Marketing teams strive to build brand preference and drive revenue to our hotels. Our sales and marketing strategies are rooted in a comprehensive understanding of our customer segments, the current dynamics of the marketplace and the most effective use of new technology and media platforms. Hyatts marketing strategy is designed to secure and build brand value and awareness while meeting the specific business needs of hotel operations. Building and differentiating the brand position of Hyatt and our sub-brands is fundamental to increasing Hyatts brand preference and demand, rate premium and related business imperatives. Hya tt is focused on targeting the distinct customer segments that each of our brands serves and supporting the needs of the hotels by thorough analysis and application of data and analytics. There is a coordinated and integrated communication strategy for the Hyatt master brand and each of the sub-brands across every distribution channel. Promotion of Hyatt Hotels Baku in the World Hyatts Central Reservation System is an important contributor to the performance of the hotels system wide. The system booked 11.8 million room-nights in 2008, representing approximately $2.3 billion in rooms department revenue. Reservation centres are located in the United States, Australia, India, UAE, Germany, Japan and China to provide 24/7 access to prospective guests. Hyatt Hotels work closely with the distribution partners to ensure that they maximize market share across all channels. These include traditional travel agencies (e.g., American Express, Carlson Wagonlit), online travel agencies (e.g., Expedia, Travelocity and multiple regional agencies, etc.), opaque agencies (e.g., Priceline, Hotwire) and multiple user-generated sites that link back to Hyatt.com (e.g., Trip Advisor). Hyatt also has extensive marketing partnerships with all global and regional airlines. Product knowhow Hyatt Baku Hotels offers unmatched variety of facilities and services within one complex, including business and communication technology, vast fitness and relaxation facilities, an array of dining and entertainment opportunities, shops and offices. The USP of Hyatt Hotels Baku is: favourable location and convenient access to select business centres and government offices; the only complete lifestyle complex in the city, featuring 2 hotels, office and residential facilities, wide variety of FB Outlets, multifunctional meeting and conference facilities and state-of-the-art Health and Fitness Centre; largest global distribution / reservation system; largest inventory of suites present in the city suitable for large VIP government groups. Contribution from the Hyatt Hotels International Hyatts properties and preopening sales offices are supported by a network of salespeople in key markets around the world. Sales professionals represent all Hyatt destinations and focus on all relevant market segments e.g., corporate accounts, M.I.C.E. accounts, key wholesalers, travel agencies and luxury travel specialists. Additional support is provided to hotels with dedicated resources managing programs such as Virtuoso American Express Fine Hotels Resorts. The network includes offices in New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Washington D.C., Mexico City, London, Mainz, Sydney, Melbourne, Riyadh, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, Beijing, Shanghai, Bangalore, New Delhi and Mumbai, as well as additional coverage throughout Continental Europe. Each office is responsible for ongoing support of the Hyatt portfolio. Additionally, each office coordinates the presentation of Hyatt and Hyatts sub-brands at important industry events and shows such as ITB, World Travel Market and Asia Luxury Travel Market. Hotels also have the opportunity to participate in annual Hyatt fairs and sales calls coordinated by each worldwide sales office. These events provide the hotels with face-to-face access to Hyatts best existing and potential clients. Competitiveness of Hyatt Hotels Currently eight five-star international hotels are under construction in Baku. This is not just about attracting well-heeled tourists, as Baku still has a relatively small demand for luxury hotels. It is about making Baku competitive as a mega-event Mecca. Baku will be promoted as a site for conference tourism, Gurbatov, the tourism official, said. Each year, Baku hosts more government-sponsored conferences and other events. But the creation of the appropriate infrastructure luxury hotels, large expo-centres, convention centres, conference halls and stadiums will allow the government to bid on hosting large-scale international events. One 33,800-square-meter exposition centre opened in Baku in May; the government has also begun construction of a 60,000-seat soccer stadium. The sprawling 90,071-square-meter Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre, designed to look like rippling waves, will open in 2013. Attracting sporting events and conferences to these venues is a matter of both the country s prestige and commercial profit from foreign visitors, Gurbatov added. For now, expectations run high that the owners of the new hotel under construction will benefit from their investments assuming that the government succeeds with its conference tourism strategy. Commented Kenan Aslanly, an analyst at Bakus Public Finance Monitoring Centre: If this strategy is successfully implemented, the country will win both economically and politically. Jumeirah will be the first new hotel to open in 2011. Jumeirah will have reasonably strong brand awareness in Baku, since a) Dubai is a very familiar weekend / holiday retreat for Azerbaijanis and b) Middle-Eastern and Persian business is growing in Baku due to the development in the city with Dubai as an ideal. Jumeirah is located close to the Presidents Dacha, approx 15 minutes outside the airport (45 minutes from city centre). The President will use this hotel to host visiting diplomatic delegations and Ministry conferences due to the close proximity to the airport, Buta Palace conference centre and to his summer residence / Dacha, where he resides between April October every year. This will affect Park Hyatt, as we currently get the majority of this business. It will also affect Hyatt Regency when it comes to groups and associations (e.g. sport groups) which look for a secluded place with spaces for outdoor activities (pools, golf course, tennis etc), and groups looking for a location outside the city centre to avoid late party nights. The Marriott (80 room inventory) is located close to Jumeirah. Due to a small inventory and inconvenient location, it will not impact Hyatt much, despite being a well known, international brand with an aggressive opening-strategy to drive occupancy. JW Marriott (228 room inventory)will open Q1 2012.Located at Bakus Freedom Square a national symbol and location of military parades as well as the seafront boulevard with the Caspian Sea beyond. This hotel will also have to compete in the corporate market to achieve occupancy. Hilton will open in June 2011 and is located right next to Park Inn, sea side in the centre of the city. The two hotels have the same owner, something which is of great concern for Park Inn. Park Inn opened in 2005, but is still worried about getting a new, international brand as competitor- and has great concerns about losing corporate agreements for companies located around the hotel and group business. Landmark is also very concerned about this new entry on th e hotel scene. We think the Hilton will also affect Hyatt Regency, both for groups and transient business. Fairmont is the largest of the new hotels; the hotel will also have to compete in the corporate market to achieve occupancy. They will be able to offer moderate corporate rates due to the size of the property, and due to the location we can expect companies and individuals visiting for meetings with ministries etc to perhaps choose this location. Hyatt used to be a good location as we are only a 5-10 minutes drive from the parliament and several ministries. Four Seasons hotel is scheduled to open late 2011. Park Hyatt is currently the only official protocol hotel in Baku, but it will mainly lose this status once Four Seasons is opening. The hotel will be more or less purpose built to host high-ranking government officials, diplomatic visits, VIPs etc., with a 3-bedroom Presidential suite and several 3-bedroom and 2-bedroom suites and a room type called Deluxe deluxe with two k ing beds in the same room (suited for the American- and Asian market). Four Seasons will also have a 330 m2 ballroom. Sheraton is still a project to rebrand the Airport hotel (ex Holiday Inn) Sustainability of Hyatt Baku Hotels Hyatt Hotels Baku has started operating in Azerbaijan since 1995. First, Hyatt Regency was opened in 1995 after the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Contract of Century (Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline). Then in 1999 due to the high demand Park Hyatt was opened next to the Hyatt Regency. Till 2004 both of the hotels were very strong and almost alone in the market. The only competitor was Radisson SAS. In 2004 another brand Park Inn penetrated into the market. Since then the market share of Hyatt Hotels in Baku is decreased slightly. Because still the demand is high and accommodation facilities are not enough to meet the need. Currently, Baku features only a few luxury hotels run by international chains the Hyatt Regency, Park Hyatt and Radisson SAS, Park Inn and Airport Hotel. If Azerbaijans Eurovision contestant, Safura, had triumphed at the annual pop extravaganza this year, Baku would not have had the facilities to host the event in 2011, noted Faig Gurbatov, national coordinator of the governmen ts Tourism Development Project, an initiative run jointly with the United Nations Development Programme. Since the 1995 to nowadays both of the Hyatt Hotels in Baku were operating very successfully. This is a main factor showing its sustainability. Demand Demand for Hyatt Regency and Hyatt Park (Baku) is quite high. The average occupancy rate (annually) is around 69%. In high seasons this figure increases up to 90-95%. Target Market One of the components needed to apply hotel revenue management is market segmentation. It allows you to target and market to a variety of consumer groups with different behaviour with an offer that matches their needs and budget level. Your hotel market segmentation shall help to identify the purpose of the trip: either business or leisure. The price does not decide of the market segmentation. Clear distinction must also be achieved between individual and group business .The market segmentation shall help you identify the trends of your business: Length of Stay Day of Weeks stays Total Revenue per room, Total Revenue per client Lead Time Cancellation No Show ratio Due to the last trends in Azerbaijan 3 industries are increasing rapidly e.g., oil business, pharmaceutical industry and information telecommunications sector. Guests from the above mentioned industries are coming to stay at Hyatt very often. Also, the number of governmental officials and walk-in tourists is high enough. Maritz guest satisfaction survey (Benchmarking) Since the competitor hotels give wrong information, Hyatt International has decided to change their strategy. Now, Hyatt Hotels are not doing benchmarking. Hyatt Hotels Baku uses the services of Maritz. Maritz is a guest satisfaction survey. Maritz protects the data about the companies by the world-class policies and procedures. Maritz has developed a security program which includes: Physical Security and Controls Network Architecture and Security System and Remote Access Controls Application Security Database Security Call Centre Security Security Administration Intrusion Detection Change Management Data Back-up and Retention Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Guest Satisfaction Surveys As many hotel chains Hyatt hotels International check the guest satisfaction level. In order to obtain the information about the service quality and better to understand the needs and wants of the guests. Hyatt Hotels Baku is also conducting such kind of surveys in order to get the needed information. Mostly the comment cards are used in hospitality sector. Either the cards are put on the table in the rooms or reception provides with comment cards at the check out. As I have mentioned already, I had a meeting with the sales marketing manager of Hyatt Hotels Baku. She showed me a guest comment card. How would you rate the quality of the food? How would you rate the service quality? Please rate the cleanliness of the facilities. Please rate the friendliness of the staff. Please rate your overall experience. How likely are you to refer us to a friend? Each question can get minimum 1, maximum 5 points from each respondent. The points from each respondent per question are added together. Then they calculate the percentage out of the maximum e.g., 3 respondents answered the 1st question and the results were 5, 4 and 3 points. 5+4+3=12 12*100/15=80% (15) is the maximum number of points for 3 respondents With the results of this short survey conducted among the guests of Hyatt Baku Hotels you can get to know in the chart below: Figure 1: Guest satisfaction survey chart Guest portfolio of Hyatt Hotels Baku by the regions The guest of Hyatt Regency and Park Hyatt are very multi-national. All around the world guests come to stay at Hyatt. Mainly the guests of Hyatt Hotels Baku are Europeans, from GCC and North America. SWOT Analysis Figure 3: Strength Weaknesses Internationally recognized brand Global reservation system with the link to all GDS distributors Quality service and facilities Excellent FB choices Known Health Fitness facilities Extensive room suite inventory with two hotels Increased sales presence NFPA standard life safety Multi lingual/ international staff WWSOs Some companies perceive Hyatt as expensive Hotel considering it only for the management Location away from the city business district is a barrier to some companies All hotels offer complimentary Internet facilities, unlike Hyatt, where the service is perceived too expensive by corporate travellers Opportunities Threats Brand awareness for potential acquisition. To be in line with modest technologies and systems Constantly work on improvements Active promotion on local market Upscale fitness facilities is a very strong decision making point for hotel choice on the market Luxury room inventory and good balance between suites and standard rooms is a strong asset to target any business opportunities in the market Continue building necessary networking and be aware of latest market trends Additional distribution channels Brand restrictions do not allow to compete with lower brand rate offers Create inconveniences in acquisition of leisure business Internet is still very expensive, thus it affects in decision making process for most of organizations

The Nature of Death in Emily Dickinsons Poems Essay -- Poetry Analysi

Emily Dickinson once said, â€Å"Dying is a wild night and a new road.† Some people welcome death with open arms while others cower in fear when confronted in the arms of death. Through the use of ambiguity, metaphors, personification and paradoxes Emily Dickinson still gives readers a sense of vagueness on how she feels about dying. Emily Dickinson inventively expresses the nature of death in the poems, â€Å"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain (280)†, â€Å"I Heard a fly Buzz—When I Died—(465)â€Å" and â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death—(712)†. Emily Dickinson, who achieved more fame after her death, is said to be one of the greatest American poets of all time. Dickinson communicated through letters and notes and according to Amy Paulson Herstek, author of â€Å"Emily Dickinson: Solitary and Celebrated Poet,† â€Å"Writing was the way she kept in touch with the world† (15). Dickinson’s style is unique and although unconventional, it led to extraordinary works of literature. Dickinson lived her life in solitude, but in her solitude she was free to read, write and think which led to her nonconformity and strong sense of individualism. Suzanne Juhasz, a biographer of Dickinson, sums up most critics’ idea of Dickinson ideally: â€Å"Emily Dickinson is at once the most intimate of poets, and the most guarded. The most self-sufficient, and the neediest. The proudest, and the most vulnerable. These contradictions, which we as her readers encounter repeatedly in her poems, are understandable, not parado xical, for they result from the tension between the life to which she was born and the one to which she aspired† (1). Dickinson poured her heart and soul into over 1,700 poems, 600 of which relate to death. Paul J. Ferlazzo, a contributing author of â€Å"Emily Dickinson† write... ...d A. Walton Litz. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1991. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. Hochman, Jhan. â€Å"Critical Essay on ‘I Heard a Fly Buzz—When I Died—‘.† Poetry for Students. Mary K. Ruby. Vol. 5. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. Morningstar, Carolyn. â€Å"’Uncertain stumbling buzz’: Carolyn Morningstar explores creative uncertainty in Emily Dickinson’s poetry.† The English Review Feb. 2007: 21+. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 16 Apr. 2011. Semansky, Chris. â€Å"An overview of Because I Could Not Stop for Death†.† Poetry for Students. Detroit: Gale. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 9 Apr. 2011. Zarlengo, Kristina. â€Å"Critical Essay on ‘I Heard a Fly Buzz—When I Died—‘.† Poetry for Students. Mary K. Ruby. Vol. 5. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 10 Apr. 2011.