Karl Marx and Max Weber Different Views on Capitialism

Introduction of Karl Marx and Max Weber Theories Karl Marx and Max Weber speak about capitalism and social class. They both agree that modern methods of organization have tremendously increased the effectiveness and efficiency of production. However they both have different concept of theories. Karl Marx speaks about Alienation and Critique of Capitalism .Marx argued that this alienation of human work is precisely the defining feature of capitalism. He regards alienation as product of the evolution of division of labor, private property and the state: When these phenomena reach an advanced stage, as in capitalist society the individual experiences the entire objective world as a conglomerate of alien forces standing over and above them.†¦show more content†¦Marx understood this struggle between these two classes, he knew this soon would become unacceptable to workers and they would come to realization of the inequity in their society. Max Weber theory of class is that capitalist and the proletarian meet in a market and come into it in different ways as purchaser of labor power and as seller, as someone able to wait, not compelled to buy or sell merely to survive another day that’s the capitalist and as someone who must sell his services today or starve. Therefore Marx two classes, in Weber view are distinguished essentially by their relation to a market and precisely by their bargaining power. Bargaining power is matter of monopoly or lack of it. Weber then analyses class mainly in terms of â€Å"monopoly†. To Max Weber, writing in the early 1900s, Marx’s view was too simple –he agreed that different classes exist but he thought that â€Å"Status† or â€Å"Social Prestige† was the key factor in deciding which group each one of us belongs to. Where we live, our manner of speech, our schooling, our leisure habits, these and many other factors decide our social class. He thou ght that the way each person thinks about his/her â€Å"Life Chances†- if we feel that we can become a respected and highly valued member of the

The Opening Credits Of Persepolis - 1932 Words

The opening credits of Persepolis (2007) feature a flower moving across the screen, travelling through the different places depicted during the titles. This quite simple feature helps to introduce the audience to the main premise of the film - moving; mobility; change and growth. Marjane Satrapi’s film debut Persepolis (2007), made together with a fellow comic artist Vincent Paronnaud, is an autobiography based on Satrapi’s similarly titled graphic novel. This French-Iranian animated film deals with the subject of change, displacement and mobility. Persepolis documents the growth of Marji, an Iranian girl living amidst war and chaos, in a country battling for its identity – something Marji also has trouble with. Mid-film she moves to Vienna where she has trouble blending in to the culture and she cannot seem to fathom her national identity. The world around her is in constant movement and Marji has trouble trying to keep up. Marji’s transnational identity grants her an air of universal appeal and yet she herself is facing problems while trying to find a sense of belonging. In this essay I will look into the different forms of mobility and change depicted in the film. I will be taking a look at how Marji’s identity is constructed through her physical and metaphorical movement, and how growth and movement backwards and forwards are essential to the film. We are first introduced to the present-day Marjane Satrapi on an airport, where she is waiting around with otherShow MoreRelatedMary and Max9879 Words   |  40 Pageshad belonged to her mother, and, not knowing that she is pregnant, decides to take her own life. Just as Mary is about to kill herself, her neighbor Len knocks on her door, having conquered his agoraphobia to alert her of the package on her porch. Opening it, Mary finds Maxs reconciliation gift, along with an accompanying letter detailing the reasons why he forgives her, how much their friendship means to him, and his hope that one day their lives will intersect and they will meet in person. It is

Hrm Performance Appraisal Free Essays

Performance Appraisal Assignment Enclosure: Excel Sheet for Rough Work (In Mail) Submitted by: Group: 10 Kumar Gauraw (15) Ajay Gupta (37) Rajumoni Saikia(48) Tarakeswar Das(49) Question: How will you use Different methods to assess her performance? Answer: Graphic Rating Scale Graphic rating scales are one of the most common methods of performance appraisal. Graphic rating scales require an evaluator to indicate on a scale the degree to which an employee demonstrates a particular trait, behaviour, or performance result.Rating forms are composed of a number of scales, each relating to a certain job or performance-related dimension, such as job knowledge, responsibility, or quality of work. We will write a custom essay sample on Hrm Performance Appraisal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Graphic rating scales have a number of advantages: 1. Standardization of content permitting comparison of employees. 2. Ease of development use and relatively low development and usage cost. 3. Reasonably high rater and ratee acceptance. Disadvantages 1. They are susceptible to rating errors which result in inaccurate appraisals.Possible rating errors include halo effect, central tendency, severity, and leniency. 2. Restrictions on the range of possible rater responses. 3. Differences in the interpretations of the meanings of scale items and scale ranges by raters. 4. Poorly designed scales that encourage rater errors. CASE SOLUTION Following Graphic Rating Scale can be used to assess the performance of Ms. Prachi Jindal. [pic] [pic] Behaviour rating scale: Behaviourally anchored rating scales (BARS) are rating scales whose scale points are defined by statements of effective and ineffective behaviours.They are said to be behaviourally anchored in that the scales represent a continuum of descriptive statements of behaviours ranging from least to most effective. An evaluator must indicate which behaviour on each scale best describes an employee’s performance. BARS differ from other rating scales in that scale points are specifically defined behaviours. Also, BARS are constructed by the evaluators who will use them. There are four steps in the BARS construction process: 1.Listing of all the important dimensions of performance for a job or jobs   2. Collection of critical incidents of the effective and ineffective behaviour. 3. Classification of effective and ineffective behaviours to appropriate performance dimensions   4. Assignment of numerical values to each behaviour within each dimension (i. e. , scaling of behavioural anchors). †¢ COMMUNICATION [pic] She could be given Score of â€Å"6† because she handled and communicated well, as we don’t have information regarding her consistency so we can’t give score of â€Å"7†. INTERPERSONAL [pic] She could be given Score of â€Å"6† because of her good Interpersonal Skills, as we don’t have information regarding her consistency so we can’t give score of â€Å"7†. †¢ STRESS TOLERENCE [pic] She could be given Score of â€Å"6† because she handled the stressful situation well and in spite of verbal anger shown by the customer she maintained cool and calm and focused on the objective of resolving the issue, as we don’t have information regarding her consistency so we can’t give score of â€Å"7†.CRITICAL INCIDENT METHOD |Continuing Duties |Targets |Critical Incidents | |Attend Calls From Customer |95% of the callers should be satisfied after|She could made the customer happy while receiving | | |putting their problem in front of the |the calls | | |Customer Care Executive. | |Personal Traits while receiving calls |90% of the situations the Customer Care |She could manage to keep herself cool and cal m | | |Executive have to be cool and calm. |while talking to the Customer. | |Product knowledge |The Customer Care Executive should have the |She have shown a good knowledge about the product | | |knowledge of the product. as she was able to detect the problem. | |Identification of problems |95% of the situations the Customer Care |She could identify the problem with in a very | | |Executive should be able to find the |short time. | | |intricacy of the problem. | |Communication with the Manufacturer |95% of the situations the Customer Care |She was able to convey the problem to the | | |Executive should be able to convey the |Manufacturer in a much satisfying manner | | |problem to the Manufacturer. | |Prompt in taking action |90% of the situations the Customer Care |She was prompt in taking action for resolving the | | |Executive should be prompt in taking |issue | | |corrective action. | |Time taken to resolve the issue |95% of the situations the Customer Care |She was able to resolve the problem within 15 | | |Executive should resolve the problem in the |minutes of the call. | | |same day. | | The Critical incident collected could be of great help in performing her Performance Appraisal more accurately†. Question: – What help do you take from this case in making use of HR policy? alignment. Ans: – With the learning’s from this case following HR policies could be thought to for implementation. †¢ Recruitment ; Selection: Care should be taken to evaluate Candidate based on the behavioural ; overall factors before selecting. †¢ Behavioural Training: Behavioural Training must be imparted to all and periodically assessment. †¢ Product Knowledge: Training regarding technical ; overall product should be given from time to time about new ; exhausting product. †¢ Cross Cultural Training: Training to adapt, understand ; perform in multicultural environment should be imparted. [pic][pic][pic] How to cite Hrm Performance Appraisal, Papers

Burden of Overweight and Obesity †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Burden of Overweight and Obesity. Answer: Introduction Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle is a process that reflects the importance of personalization and prioritization of patients needs. This reasoning cycle is used to structure clinical care by healthcare professionals (Herdman, 2011). This clinical reasoning cycle helps to deliver patient-centered nursing care based on the critical thinking, clinical analysis, clinical reasoning and reflective practice performed by professional healthcare nurse (Alfaro-LeFevre, 2012). This essay is one such patient-centered nursing care structure developed by using Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle. The study involves identification of two care priorities and managing care process by a primary health care nurse for the provided case study, which is performed by implementing reasoning cycle steps. In the present case study, patient name Peter Mitchell is a middle aged male (52 Years) admitted to the medical ward as per reference from his General Physician. He was facing symptoms of shakiness, increased hunger, high blood glucose, diaphoresis and breathing difficulties while sleeping. As he is a sufferer of type-2 diabetes and obesity, these symptoms highlight high alert of these two conditions. Peter is already overweight, diabetic suffering depression. Peter is a serious smoker from age of 30years, smoking 20 cigarettes per day. Adding on to this situation, Peter suffers other critical situations as well, that involves hypertension; sleep apnoea and gastro oesophageal reflux. Peter is taking proper medication for his health issues but still, he is facing these critical and life-threatening symptoms due to mismanaged lifestyle habits. Collecting cues and information about the case As per case information Mr. Peter on his previous admission to medical ward dietician recommended him to lose weight. However, Peter had no interest to make any effort related to his weight resulting in present critical condition. Further, he was also commenced with light exercises by the physiotherapist and was advised to continue them at home. But the increased weight and BMI show his carelessness towards his physical condition. He is 145kgs with BMI 50.2m2 (very high) and height 170cms. His last observed blood pressure is 180/92mmHg (high), respiratory rate 23Bpm (high), heart rate 102bpm (little high) and SpO2 (peripheral capillary oxygen saturation) is 95% (normal). Peter is on current medication involving insulin metformin for diabetes, Lisinopril for hypertension, Nexium for reflux, metoprolol for high blood pressure and Pregabalin (Lyrica) for neuropathic pain in diabetes. Further, Peter is unemployed and struggling to get work reason being his weight issues. He is divorced, living alone, socially isolated, living without any family attention and care. Peter also faces difficulty to perform daily living activities. The present admission of Mr. Peter Mitchell to the medical ward was due to poorly controlled diabetes, obesity ventilation syndrome and sleep apnoea. Peter was detected with the symptom of high blood glucose level instead of the fact that his medication involves Insulin (34units mane 28units nocte). Audetat et al. (2013) indicated that if a patient confronts high blood glucose levels despite the fact that insulin is included in medication process indicates mismanagement in medication (insulin) process. According to Selvin et al. (2014) studies improper intake of insulin leading to high blood glucose level also persists symptom of increased hunger. This confirms that high blood glucose level is leading to increased hunger symptom in Peters case and he is mismanaging his medication process. Further, shaking and diaphoresis is due to obesity ventilation syndrome. Cunningham, Kramer Narayan (2014) indicated that obesity ventilation syndrome leads to sleep apnoea identified by difficulty breathing while asleep interrupted sleep and daytime sleepiness. In the present case, Peter is facing cessation of breathing while asleep confirms presence sleep apnoea due to obesity syndrome. In the present case of Mr. Peter Mitchell, three identified critical diseases that are type-2 diabetes, obesity ventilation syndrome and sleep apnoea are either directly or indirectly linked to each other. Olsson et al. (2013) indicated that mismanagement in the lifestyle of diabetic patient leads to deposition of fat in the body that lead to a highly obese body as a major defect. Audetat et al. (2013) studied that if the blood glucose level of diabetic people remains abnormally high this then leads to the stoppage of blood glucose entering body cells. Therefore, the body becomes incapable to convert food to energy leading increased hunger and increase in obesity. Further, American Diabetes Association (2015) paper highlights that high blood sugar leads to deposition in form of fat in the body. Further, Cunningham, Kramer Narayan (2014) studied that deposition of adipose tissue in the state of obesity restrict the normal movement of chest muscles and diaphragm creating difficulty in breathing by respiratory muscles. Hence, obese people find it difficult to breathe creating obesity ventilation syndrome that causes shortness of breathing while asleep which is a major symptom of sleep apnoea. As per present case study data, Mr. Peter Mitchell is a seriously heading towards a critical stage of diabetes and obesity only at middle age period of life. He certainly needs a proper care plan to get a control over this critical health issues basically lifestyle modification because symptoms like shortness of breathe, high BPL level and diaphoresis are really dangerous and abnormal conditions. All the information provided in the case study is relevant and shows some link to understand the critical state of Peters health. However, not much attention is made on the impact of other health issues like hypertension, reflux and depression on the health of Peter considering it as a gap in case information. As per nursing professional knowledge, mental health issue like depression can be considered as a major cause of the lifestyle mismanagement in Mr. Peters life. His careless attitude towards his health (obesity), social isolation, joblessness and unwillingness to improve his health can be considered as outcomes of mental disturbance (depression) (Herdman, 2011). As per the study conducted of case data till now it is clear that nursing care goals should completely be based on managing the lifestyle habits and controlling obesity in case of Peter. This lifestyle management will also involve objective to manage the critical situation of diabetes harnessing his health. The present case of Mr. Peter Mitchell suffering critical obesity and diabetes is a common phenomenon. It is a common disease for which care providers carry a good experience to handle these situations because the control over these issues mainly depends on the lifestyle, eating, activities and mental strength of the patient (Doenges, Moorhouse Murr, 2014). The condition of Mr. Peter Mitchell is really critical as the body weight is 145Kg with BMI above 50. It is tough to manage his obesity issues yet proper goal setting could help to get a control over critical symptoms leading to medical emergencies. Identification problems/issues The two major care priorities in case of Mr. Mitchell are his overweight condition and uncontrolled diabetes type 2. Peter is not even ready to pay any concentration or control his growing complication related to obesity and diabetes (Moorhead et al. 2014). The two care priority issues are obesity and mismanagement of diabetes in Mr. Peters care. The nursing goals are: - Decreasing body weight by 10% within 6months of therapy (1/2 lb/week) Establishing and practising appropriate lifestyle behaviour change for controlling diabetes For the fulfilment of nursing goal regarding weight loss of 10% in 6 months involves certain specific interventions. Yang Zhang (2014) studied some specific nursing actions that provide effective weight loss which is considered best for Peters case as well. Implement rewarding and reinforcing short-term goals for patient followed by negotiations regarding patients aspects of diet that require modifications. Balance the dairy and animal protein intake in the diet as well as provide diet as per measurements. Advise and encourage water intake as well as long-term exercise programs like walking that is best for a diabetic patient (Stellefson, Dipnarine Stopka, 2013). Further, keep a proper monitoring of patient weekly weight changes and modify diet as per requirement. Lastly, educate the patient about healthy eating habits like short meals 5-6times/day, high intake of fibre, regular exercise, relaxation techniques and maximised water intake. As per provider case study data of Peter, the best lifestyle behaviour change in his case involves practices to quit smoking, practising relaxation, social liberation and replacing the unhealthy behaviour with substitutes (Cygan et al. 2014). According to Thom et al. (2013) studies self-rewarding, communication with the patient, motivational counselling and interviewing ate some of the best processes to implement lifestyle changes. Lastly, providing education regarding diabetes and its control can also help Peter to overcome his issues related to depression (Doenges, Moorhouse Murr, 2014). Evaluate Outcomes The evaluation process will involve determining the weight change and achievement of determined weight loss goal by detecting weight after 6 months of therapy. Further, lifestyle behaviour change can be evaluated by determining the control over health issue diabetes and obesity. Lastly, mental status examination (MSE) can be performed to evaluate the mental strength after the nursing process (Kalyani, Corriere Ferrucci, 2014). The clinical reasoning cycle process can be considered as most systematic, manageable and comfortable approach to deal with any clinical scenario in nursing professional practice. As a professional, implementing such process to resolve an issue or case can benefit to gather smart, workable and manageable outcomes. Using clinical reasoning cycle made its easy to deal with this complicated health management case. Conclusion A proper nursing plan to manage the case study patient Mr. Peter Mitchell was developed using clinical reasoning cycle. This involved analysis of patient situation followed by collection and processing information to detect health priority issues. Further, establishing nursing goals and taking actions to achieve these goals handled these health priority issues. Lastly, the process to evaluate care outcomes is also provided in the study to further establish better processes for effective care. References Alfaro-LeFevre, R. (2012).Applying nursing process: the foundation for clinical reasoning. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. American Diabetes Association. (2015). Standards of medical care in diabetes2015 abridged for primary care providers.Clinical diabetes: a publication of the American Diabetes Association,33(2), 97. Audetat, M. C., Laurin, S., Sanche, G., Bque, C., Fon, N. C., Blais, J. G., Charlin, B. (2013). Clinical reasoning difficulties: a taxonomy for clinical teachers.Medical teacher,35(3), e984-e989. Cunningham, S. A., Kramer, M. R., Narayan, K. V. (2014). Incidence of childhood obesity in the United States.New England Journal of Medicine,370(5), 403-411. Cygan, H. R., Baldwin, K., Chehab, L. G., Rodriguez, N. A., Zenk, S. N. (2014). Six to success: improving primary care management of pediatric overweight and obesity.Journal of Pediatric Health Care,28(5), 429-437. Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., Murr, A. C. (2014).Nursing care plans: guidelines for individualizing client care across the life span. FA Davis. Herdman, T. H. (Ed.). (2011).Nursing diagnoses 2012-14: definitions and classification. John Wiley Sons. Kalyani, R. R., Corriere, M., Ferrucci, L. (2014). Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: the effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases.The lancet Diabetes endocrinology,2(10), 819-829. Moorhead, S., Johnson, M., Maas, M. L., Swanson, E. (2014).Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)-E-Book: Measurement of Health Outcomes. Elsevier Health Sciences. Olsson, L. E., Jakobsson Ung, E., Swedberg, K., Ekman, I. (2013). Efficacy of person?centred care as an intervention in controlled trialsa systematic review.Journal of clinical nursing,22(3-4), 456-465. Selvin, E., Parrinello, C. M., Sacks, D. B., Coresh, J. (2014). Trends in prevalence and control of diabetes in the United States, 19881994 and 19992010.Annals of internal medicine,160(8), 517-525. Stellefson, M., Dipnarine, K., Stopka, C. (2013). Peer reviewed: The chronic care model and diabetes management in US primary care settings: A systematic review.Preventing chronic disease,10. Thom, D. H., Ghorob, A., Hessler, D., De Vore, D., Chen, E., Bodenheimer, T. A. (2013). Impact of peer health coaching on glycemic control in low-income patients with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.The Annals of Family Medicine,11(2), 137-144. Yang, Z., Zhang, N. (2014). The burden of overweight and obesity on long-term care and Medicaid financing.Medical care,52(7), 658-663.